Bottle forming machine



Aug 7, 1956 Original Filed Aug. 5, 1946 S. E. WINDER BOTTLE FORMING MACHINE Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 7, 1956 s. E. WINDER 2,757,434

7 BOTTLE FORMING MACHINE Original Filed Aug.- 5, 1946 12 Sheets-Sheet 3 M3 mm 4 3/ E w I34 flrropa/Zi Aug. 7, 1956 s. E. WINDER 2,757,484

BOTTLE FORMING MACHINE Original Filed-Aug. 5, 1946 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 COUA/T'EQBLOW 21/? ,WI 136 M 1 6/ W Aug. 7, 1956 s. E. WINDER 2,757,484

BOTTLE FORMING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 5, 1946 12 Sheeis-Sheet 7 Ava/alreav .555 Snnusz. E. wnvase, J .51 9 545 flTra'mx/En'i Aug. 7. 1956 s. E. WINDER 2,757,484

BOTTLE FORMING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 5, 1946 12 Sheets-Sheet 12 BLOW MOLD LEVEL H LII/(K "GLO LANK MOLD OP 2,757,434 Patented Aug. 7, 1956 BOTTLE FORMING MACHINE Samuel E. Winder, West Medway, Mass, assignor of onehalf to Henry C. Dauhenspeck, Massiilon, Ohio Original application August 5, 1946, Serial No. 688,410. Divided and this application November 19, 1951, Sena] No. 257,021

25 Claims. (Cl. 49-9) The present invention relates to a bottle forming machine. In this connection, the manufacture of bottles is the primary concern of the invention. However, it will be readily understood that many of its features may be applied to the production of other glass products, particularly container ware.

The subject matter of the present invention was originally disclosed in applicants copending patent application Serial No. 688,470, filed August 5, 1946, from which the present application has been divided.

It is the prime object of this invention to provide a machine by which glass products as mentioned above may be made more rapidly. It is a further prime object of the invention to provide a machine by which better quality glass products may be made with fewer rejects.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a machine of this kind which will rapidly produce the glass products in a continuous operation from a glass charging point to a ware removing point.

it is a further object to provide a machine that makes more glass products per unit of time, but which may be operated with a minimum number of men. Particularly, it is an object to provide such a machine having all of the operations that require attention available from one position, and having these operations sufiiciently free of complications to be cared for by one man. To this end, it is an object to eliminate, to the maximum extent, in teroperations of parts that require precise synchronization to obtain proper operation and satisfactory production of glassware. in particular, it is an object to eliminate the split-second synchronization of neck ring and mold opening and mold closing operations.

it is a further object to provide a machine that in creases the output of ware per unit of time without great change in the mold rate, or time required for formation of an individual product from an initial charge of glass.

It is a further object to provide a machine having a cycle that may be specded up or slowed down to change the production rate, particularly for adaptation to different sizes of ware.

Another object is to provide a machine in which the amount of heat dissipation in the blank molds is a substantially larger proportion of the total heat dissipation for the entire cycle. Specifically, it is an object to provide a system wherein the transfer from blank to blow mold occurs after greater heat dissipation in the blank mold than has heretofore been accomplished with the present type of operation. A particular object is to reduce the ratio of time for making the finish on the ware to total time of the making of the parison in the blank mold.

A. further object is to provide a machine making better bottles, with even walls and well finished bottoms. Specifically, it is an object to provide a system wherein temperature irregularities in a charge of glass are overcome to a greater degree, where neck ring checks are eliminated, and settle waves are minimized.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine for making glass objects in two separate stages of formation of a parison and subsequent formation of the object from the parison, wherein a relatively stiff parison is formed and transferred from the parison mold to the finish mold. A further object is to provide a machine of this kind by which such relatively stiff parison is formed. A further object is to form a relatively stiff parison that is not as subject to deformation in a transferring operntion as is a conventional parison.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine wherein a parison is formed so as to be completed at the bottom in an area that will be a completed bottom part of the final glassware. A further object is to provide a parison that has substantially the length of the completed ware, and which has a supporting surface at its bottom, whereby it may be introduced into a finish mold and be supported at its bottom therein. Stated generally, on this aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide a machine which eliminates the run or stretch-down of the parison in a finish mold. It is a further object of the invention to provide a machine wherein a relatively stiflf parison is formed so as to be supportable at its top and at its bottom in a finish mold.

A further object of the invention is to provide a ma chine of the foregoing type wherein a charge of glass is introduced into a blank mold and is very rapidly forced to the bottom of the blank mold so as to complete the finish of the ultimate ware onto the parison, and is promptly forced back into the blank mold to complete the parison with a minimum of dwell of the charge of glass in its forced down condition. A specific object is to cause the forcing back operation aforesaid to complete a section of the opposite end of the parison for the previously mentioned reasons.

A further object of the invention is to provide, particularly in a blow and blow type of machine, a relatively long counterblow operation for the parison, including sufiicient time of dwell of the parison in the blank mold, so that it becomes relatively st ff, whereby it may be transferred with minimum damage, and whereby a better product may be produced.

A further object of the invention is to provide a single continuously operating machine for performing each and all of the foregoing objects. More particularly, it is an object of the invention to provide a continuous machine to produce the cycle of said operations as aforesaid.

Another object is to provide a machine that secures tight fit of a vacuum head with the blank mold, and insures smooth opening of the blank mold. More particularly, it is an object to provide an arrangement of an airflow head and a mold that secures a tight fit between them, prevents crashing of the parts, and insures proper alignment of the mold sections.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine of this kind wherein there is a base with an upstanding central column thereon, and a framework rotatably mounted upon the base and having stabilized bearing on an upper part of the central column, which framework constitutes the support for the blank molds and the associated parts thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine of this kind having a minimum of separately designed parts and a maximum of interchangeable parts. A particular object is to have mold units that are readily removable as units, and that are interchangeable. Specifically, in this connection, it is an object of the invention to provide blank molds with interchangeable mounting parts, interchangeable power operating parts, and interchangeable valve controlling parts. A further object of the invention is to provide quickly operating aligning means for insuring the proper relative disposition of the several parts, together with securing means by which the parts may be attached together.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine of this kind wherein alterations and changes necessary to the production of different sizes and shapes of ware may quickly and easily be made.

A further object of the invention is to provide for the ready adjustment of the coordination and timing of the several operations, and particularly to provide convenient means for adjusting the timing operations while the machine is in operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a desirable air distribution means. A particular object of the invention is to provide an air distribution means wherein air may be received in the central column and distributed therefrom without leakage. A further object of the invention is to provide such an air distribution system involving a plurality of air manifolds that may conveniently be connected to the several operating devices of the machine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a convenient vacuum means for the operations involved, which vacuum means includes a rotating vacuum chamber from which connections may be made to the parts requiring vacuum.

A further object of the invention is to interrelate the vacuum and air operating parts with maximum compactness and yet maximum accessibility for repairs and the like.

A further object of the invention is to provide a convenient system of distributing the cooling air to certain parts of the machine that require cooling.

A general object of the invention is to provide all of the foregoing features in a single composite machine requiring a minimum of floor area. A further object of the invention is to provide such a compact machine, in which parts requiring lubrication are accessible at any time.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a bottle forming machine embodying the present invention, some of the flexible tubing for the various valves being omitted in the interest of clarity;

Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical radial sectional views taken approximately on the lines 2-2 and 3-3, respectively, in Fig. 1, the two sections in the aggregate comprising a substantially diametrical vertical sectional view through the entire machine, certain portions of mechanism in the background being omitted, also in the interest of clarity;

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of one of a series of baffle arm operating cylinders and its associated roller operated valve;

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the base portion of the machine only, having mounted thereon the driving mechanism, and a series of adjustable roller tracks for operating the plunger cylinders and vacuum valves;

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view through the base'and pit therebeneath only, particularly illustrating the means whereby cooling air and suction are supplied to the machine.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary enlarged view of a portion of Fig. 2 just above the section 9-9 at the center column, particularly illustrating the construction of the compressed air distributor of the machine;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 8-8 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a horizontal section illustrating the blank mold mechanism, the plane of the section being approximately indicated by the line 9-9 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the revolving table of the machine with portions of the top wall thereof broken away;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view comprising approximately the right hand portion of Fig. 9,

on an enlarged scale, certain parts of Fig. 9 being sectioned differently;

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of one of the plunger cylinder valve and counterbldw valve assemblies, the view being taken on the line 12-12 at the right center of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a vertical cylinder valve taken on center of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a detail view, partly in section, of a valve body included in the assembly of Fig. 12;

Fig. 15 is a vertical sectional view taken approximately on the line 15-15 at the right center of Fig. 11;

Fig. 16 is a vertical sectional View taken approximately on the line 16-16 at the right center of Fig. 11;

Fig. 17 is a bottom plan view, partly in section, of the valve body shown in Fig. 14;

Fig. 18 is a vertical section on the line 18-18 at the upper center of Fig. 11, illustrating in particular one of the battle cylinder valves;

Fig. 19 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 19- 19 in Fig. 18;

Fig. 20 is a detail view, partly in section, of one of the baflle cylinder constructions;

Fig. 21 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 21- 21 of Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is a reproduction of the lower left hand portion of Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale, showing parison or blank forming mechanism;

Figs. 23, 24, 25, and 26 are horizontal sectional views taken on the lines 23-23, 24-24, 25-25 and 26-26 of Fig. 22;

Fig. 27 is a top plan view of a finish or neck ring segment;

Figs. 28 and 29 are vertical radial sectional views of the finish ring taken on the lines 23-28 and 29-29 in Fig. 27;

Fig. 30 is a reproduction on an enlarged scale of the lower right hand corner of Fig. 3, showing parison forming mechanism in an operating stage different from that of Fig. 22;

Fig. 31 is a top plan view of a baffle arm for the parison mold, that is adjustably mounted on the upper end of a baffle cylinder shaft;

Fig. 32 is a side elevational view thereof;

Fig. 33 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 33- 33 in Fig. 32;

Fig. 34 is a detail view of an adjustment lock nut for the baflle head;

Fig. 35 is a horizontal sectional plan view on the line 35-35 about half way up the column in Fig. 3, illustrating an adjustable cam assembly for operating the valves controlling the opening and closing of the blank molds;

Fig. 36 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, of one of the blow mold hanger base ring supporting columns in position on the revolving table, in aligned relation with one of the extension columns for the blow molds, the upper half portion of the view being turned from the lower half portion to clarify the mounting arrangement for the blow mold nozzles;

sectional view through the plunger the line 13-13 at the right Fig. 37 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 37- 37 in Fig. 36; I Fig. 38 is a vertical sectional view on the line 38-38 of Fig. 3'7;

Fig. 39 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 39-39 in Fig. 36;

Fig. 40 is a detail top plan view, on an enlarged scale,

of the extension column for the blow molds;

Fig. 41 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 41- 41 in Fig. 36;

Fig. 42 is a detail bottom view of one of the wind nozzles for the blank molds;

Fig. 43 is a detail top plan view of an air regulating damper associated with the nozzle of Fig. 42;

Fig. 44 is a left end elevational view of the nozzle shown in Fig. 42;

Fig. 4-5 is a schematic layout illustrating the flow of compressed air, vacuum, and cooling air for the machine; and

Fig. 46 is a diagrammatic layout illustrating the cycle of operation.

Description of the machine base This machine is adapted to be mounted upon a movable base 125. This base is generally rectangular in horizontal shape, as appears in Fig. 6 as well as in Fig. 1, and it comprises an upper table-like surface and side flanges. Suitable wheels 126 are located at the corners, being mounted on brackets attached to the base 125. The machine may be rolled on these wheels. The brackets also support jack screws 127 that may be turned down when the base is properly located, so as to keep it from moving.

The base is adapted to be rolled over a pit, preferably one with solid walls. 7. This pit may form a conduit for the reception of a cooling air duct 129 that extends upwardly so as to be united with a downwardly extending circular flange 130 on the center of the base 125. This flange 130 provides a central opening 132 leading upwardly through the table and around the upper edge. The opening 132 also receives a vacuum pipe connection 134. This line may extend down through the duct 129 and then outwardly through the wall thereof, as shown in Fig. 7. It ultimately is connected to a vacuum source.

The base 125 supports a composite central column, generally designated 126, about which operating parts revolve. Tins column includes a round bottom part 137, having center opening 138 with a ridge around it to interfit with the groove at the top of the opening 132 in the base 125.

the partition 143, there is an upper cylindrical Wall 144, slightly smaller than the intermediate wall, to provide a shoulder between them. This upper wall is flanged inwardly at the top and has a top opening 145.

It will be seen that the upper end of the vacuum pipe 134 is secured in the partition 143. It divides the cooling air manifold from the vacuum outlet manifold, both of which are partly formed in the bottom column member 13-7. The cooling air manifold chamber is indicated at 150, being below the partition 143; and the vacuum exhaust manifold above the partition 143 is designated 151.

upper extension 144 has a plurality of ports 153 that prothe vacuum exhaust manifold 151. The

ports 153 are four in number around the axis of the col- Revolving table At the bottom of the machine, there is a revolving ta bie 190, shown in plan view in Fig. 10. This revolving table has a bottom wall 191 and a top wall 192. The top and bottom walls are joined by a circular hub wall 193 that is adapted to fit around the intermediate upstanding Such a pit is shown at 128 in Fig.

. Above circular wall 142 of the lower column member 137. The rotating table also has an outer circular wall 194, and, spaced inwardly from the wall 194, another circular wall 195. The two outer walls 194 and 195,. together with the top and bottom walls, provide an outer, annular vacuum chamber 196.

Extending between the inner wall 193 and the interme diate wall 195 are a plurality of radial reenforcing webs 197 that divide the space between the walls 193 and 195 into a plurality of sectorial chambers 2th}, designated as 260a to 2119], inclusive. (As there are ten mold sets on this machine, all identical, the reference numbers will be applicable to the corresponding parts of any one set. At times, the several sets and their component parts will be distinguished by the sufiix characters a through j, the a set being at the nine-oclock or charging position in the drawings.)

Each of the webs 197 has a boss 202 that has a hole 203 drilled down into it from the upper surface of the table. These holes 203 are accurately disposed around the table, for a purpose to appear. Alternate webs have bosses 20 i toward the hub wall 193, and bosses 205 somewhat further out than the bosses 264. The inwardly spaced bosses 204 have holes drilled all the way through them, whereas the outwardly spaced ones 2515 are drilled and tapped upwardly from the bottom.

The outer surface of the wall 194 of the table is provided with a plurality of fiat portions 206a to 2061', inclusive, for the reception of mold head parts, as will appear.

The bottom Wall 191 of the rotating table is provided with a plurality of air inlet openings 207a through 2671', there being one such opening for each of the sectorial chambers 200a through j, respectively. These inlet ports 20'? are adapted to register at all times with the ports 152 leading from the shelf 141 on the lower column member 1377 Each of the sectorial chambers of the table is also provided with an outlet in the form of an opening 208, there being ten such openings 208a through 2113 These openings 203 are accurately sized and spaced around the table.

The top wall 192 of the rotating table is also provided with a series of openings 209 leading into the annular chamber 196 opposite the end of each of the radial webs 197. They are accurately sized and spaced around the table, and constitute means used in aligning molds on the table 1941. On an approximate radial line with the openings 209, the bottom wall 191 of the table is provided with a plurality of openings 210, one for each of the webs, as shown at 210a through 210]. Additionally, the annular chamber 196 is provided with a plurality of openings 211a through 211j in its top wall 192, with aligned openings 212a through 212 through the bottom wall. The purpose of these openings 211 and 212 is to receive and position valves for a transfer mechanism described in de tail in applicants above-mentioned copending application.

The table 190 is supported on a gear 215 attached to its lower surface. This gear is provided with an opening center, so that it may fit over the lower section 14d of the lower column member 137. A plurality of screws 216 extend upwardly through the gear 215 and engage in the openings in the bosses 205 formed in the webs 197 of the rotating table. Also, screws 217 extend downwardly from the top through the bosses 204 of the rotating table and engage in the gear 215. The gear, as appears in Figs. 2 and 3, has an annular ridge on its upper surface that interfits with a rotating table, and in proper relationship.

The gear 215 is supported upon a roller bearing, generally indicated at 220, the same including conventional bearing races and rollers of the outside of the vertical wall 143 of the lower column 7 the extending flange of the column member 137, which, in turn, rests upon the base. The bearing 220 provides for proper'centering of the parts as well as for reducing the friction while the table, and the parts it supports, rotate.

The gear 215 is adapted to be engaged by a driving gear 225 (Figs. 2 and 6) that is supported upon a vertical shaft 226, upon which is mounted another gear 227 driven by a worm wheel 228 on a driving shaft 229. The shaft 226, the gear 225, and the parts through the worm 228 are enclosed in and supported in a housing 230 that is held by screws to the base member 125. The shaft 229 extends out through a coupling and a bearing 231 to another bearing 232 on an extension 233 bolted to the base 125. A suitable drive for the shaft 229 may be provided. The one here illustrated is a chain drive 234, the chain being driven from some suitable power source not shown.

It will be seen that, when the chain operates, the shaft 229 is rotated, and this ultimately, through the gears 225 and 215, causes the movable table 190 to rotate about the column.

Blank molds The machine has ten blank or parison molds. Each blank mold unit is mounted on a block 236. The series of these blocks are designated 236a through 236 Each has an outer portion providing a vertical opening or hole 238. This outer portion has a bottom flange 239 by means of which screws 240 may attach the same to the rotating table 190 as indicated in Figs. 22 and 30. .The top of the outer portion receives adjustable hinge collars, as will appear. The block projects backwardly, with an overhang 242. The overhanging part has accurately finished side and bottom surfaces to be received in a positioning block or yoke, as will appear.

Each hole 233 receives a mold hinge pin 245 with a press fit. The pin 245 has an enlarged intermediate threaded portion 246 which is brought down against the block 236. In this position, its bottom end is engageable in the hole 209 to aid in alignment of the molds on the table. A threaded collar 247 engages over the threads 246, and, in turn, receives a clamp 248. This clamp 248 is a split ring that may be drawn tightly about the collar 247. It has an ear adapted to engage in a notch in the block 236, to clamp the attached parts against rotation. The collar 247 is adjustable, while the clamp is loose, to regulate the height of the mold. After proper adjustment is made, the clamp ring 248 is tightened.

A yoke 250 has a bottom pin 251 engageable in a hole 203, and an upper cradle 252 to accurately receive and locate the accurately finished side and bottom surfaces of the block 236. The yokes combine with the hinge pins to give complete, accurate fitting of the parts together in a simple way. After they are thus fitted, the screws 240 are tightened.

Each parison mold, of which there are ten in this machine, is generally designated at 253, and includes a pair of mold halves 254 and 255. The mold section 254 has arms that provide spaced hinge collars 256, connected as shown in Fig. 3. The other mold section 255 is provided with spaced hinge ears 257, connected as shown in Fig. 2. The several ears are interspaced over the hinge pin 245.

The two mold halves 253 and 254 thus may swing about the pin 245 to open or to close. The operation of the molds to open or closing position is obtained by a yoke member 258. This yoke 258 has opposed arms that engage the respective mold halves through suitable links 259.

The shank of the yoke member 258 constitutes a piston rod having, at its inner end, a piston 260. This piston is contained within a cylinder 261 that is supported on the top of the mold block 236 and is positioned thereon by a key 262 that interengages with a groove in the block 236 and a related groove in the bottom of the cylinder. This provides radially accurate positioning of the cylin- 8 ders on the blocks. Lateral positioning is obtained by depending flanges (not shown) on the sides of the cylinder castings that depend over the sides of the blocks 236. The cylinders are finally secured in position by screws.

The piston rod has an extension 264 thereon that is journaled in a bushing 265 contained within a head 266 that closes the end of the cylinder 261. A cap 267 is provided over the end of the head 266 to hold the journal 265 in place and yet to permit its replacement.

The piston 260 is operated by air that is supplied to its opposite ends under the control of a slide valve, generally indicated 270, that operates within a valve housing 271. There is one valve housing 271 secured to the top of each of the cylinders 260, and, therefore, there is one such valve housing for each set of parison molds.

Each valve housing 271 is located in endwise accuracy on the cylinder by a plug engaged in grooves in the top of the cylinder 261 and the bottom of the valve housing 271. Each valve housing is flanged at its sides, to depend over the side edges of the top of the cylinder, and thereby to secure proper lateral location of the valve on the cylinder. The valve housing is finally secured to the cylinder by screws.

The valve housing 271 has a cylindrical bore therethrough, in which a valve plug 275 slides. This bore is closed at one end by a head 276 that is held in place by screws. This head receives an air inlet line 277 that is threaded thereinto and secured by a lock nut. The air is thereby delivered to the cylindrical housing 271 at one end of the plug 275.

The opposite end of the valve plug 275 projects from the end of the housing 271 and carries, at its outer end, a cam roller 291, in the manner shown. It also has a guide roller 292 held thereon by a screw, this roller reciprocating within a slot in an arm projecting from the top side of the housing 271. This roller prevents rotation of the valve parts, and limits the linear movement of the plug.

In Fig. 3, the valve is shown as actuated to a left hand position toward the central column, under the influence of the air acting against the right hand end of the plug 275. This air has moved the plug 275 as far to the left as it can go, the roller 292 having reached the extreme of its slot. In such position, the air is directed through the plug 275 and passages in the cylinder 261 cooperative therewith until it has acted against the left hand end of the piston 260. In the meanwhile, the foregoing position of the valve plug has effected also a condiction for exhaust of the air contained on the opposite side of the piston 260.

Subsequently, the cam roller 291 will come in contact with its cam track and the valve plug will be forced in the opposite direction to the right against the pressure of the air entering the inlet line 277. When this'happens, the air entering the air line will be directed to the right hand end of the piston 260, forcing the same to the left, and the air on the opposite face of the piston will be exhausted. A more detailed description of the construction and operation of these air-operated parts is contained in applicants parent application, above-mentioned.

Blank mold operating valve cam In the machine shown, there are ten mold sets, and hence ten valves 270. The various valves 270 are sequentially operated by being rotated to bring their cam rollers 291 against a cam arrangement that is mounted on the central column 136. This cam arrangement is shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 35, the last named showing the greatest detail. It includes a cam sector, generally indicated at 300, that is provided with two semicircular hub sleeve parts 301 and 302 clamped around the portion of the column 136 by screws 303. It will be seen that the cam parts may be conveniently removed by withdrawing the screws 303.

The outer edge of the cam sector 300, defined by a nearest vertical arcuate wall 334-, receives an arcuate cam plate 305 held to its outer edge by screws 3% extending upwardly from the bottom of the ledge. This cam plate is shown in Fig. 35 as having a sloping left end, and it will be seen that it terminates at its other end immediately beyond the most counterclockwise of its four attaching screws 306.

The cam sector also has an adjustable cam plate 307 that lies over the cam plate 335. This plate 307 provides the point of starting of the cam operation, and, therefore, it extends counterclockwise of the end of the plate 305. However, it terminates in a clockwise direction short of the end of the plate 335, so that the latter will take care of the ending of the cam operation.

The plate 307 has a pair of slots 309 that receive screws 310 that extend into and are secured to the sector 30!). These screws permit adjustment of the plate 307 arcuately along the sector.

The foregoing adjustment is made by a mechanism including a link 311 that is pivoted to the clockwise end of the plate 307. The link is also pivoted to a rocker arm 312 pivotally mounted at 313 on the sector. This rocker arm, in turn, carries one end of a link 314 that is pivoted to a crank arm 315. This crank arm is pivotally mounted to the half ring 392 and is non-rotatably engaged by a crank shaft 316. This shaft extends upwardly adjacent the column to the top of the machine, where, as shown in Fig. 1, it is connected through a conventional worm and wheel to an adjusting shaft 321 appropriately supported at the top of the machine. The shaft 321 projects outwardly and has a knurled wheel 323 at its outer end. This knurled wheel is conveniently located at the top of the machine for adjustment purposes.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the rotation of the knurled wheel 323 will provide for the arcuate displacement of the plate 337 so as to regulate the starting points of the cam operations of the blank mold opening and closing valves.

Blank mold heads The blank molds are closed by vacuum finishing mechanisms, shown in Figs. 2, 3, 22 and 30, together with other figures wherein details appear. There is one such mechanism for each of the blank molds. These closing parts are attached to the outer edge of the rotating table 190. As already noted, the rotating table is provided with a plurality of vertical flat portions 236. These furnish bases upon which to mount the supports for the mold closing means.

As shown in Figs. ll, l2, 15, 22, and 30, each vacuum finishing mechanism has a supporting bracket 330 attached to one of the flat portions 206. Reference to Figs. 22 and 30 will disclose that the revolving table is provided with a locating pin 331 extending outwardly from each of the fiat portions 23-6. Each pin has a head that is adapted to interfit into an opening 332 in the inner face of the associated bracket 330. The pin cooperates with an interfitting of certain associated parts, to provide for the accurate locating of the bracket relative to the other parts. When the brackets are properly located, they may be secured into their proper positions by screws 333 that extend inwardly to the table. Other securing means will appear in the description to follow.

Each supporting bracket 330 is provided with a circular threaded opening on a vertical axis. This opening 334 extends downwardly from the top of the bracket and opens into an annular vacuum chamber 335, in the middle of which there is an upstanding frusto-conical tubular sleeve 336 that is adapted to receive a plunger incorporating a slide valve, as will appear. A passage 337 leads from the chamber 335 downwardly and inwardly to the depending side of the bracket 330.

Below the chamber 335, the supporting bracket 330 has a cylinder 340, that is closed at its bottom end by a cylinder head 341 that is held thereto by screws 342. An air piston 343 is adapted to reciprocate within the cylinder 340, and is urged in a downward direction in the drawings by a coil spring 344 acting in a suitable recess in the bracket 330.

The piston 343 is connected to a combined valve and piston rod 345 that rec'procates in the sleeve 336. A bleeder port 346 opens from the space above the piston, to relieve any trapped air in that space.

The operation of the piston 343 is controlled by a valve mechanism that is mounted on the side of the supporting bracket 330, as shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 15. There is a valve housing 348 held to the side of the supporting bracket 330 by screws 349, after it is properly located by a pin 350 that fits in keyw'ays in the interfaces of the parts. This valve housing has an air pres sure inlet 351 that opens into a cylindrical bore 352 that extends from adjacent the top of the housing to the bottom thereof. An exhaust passage 353 leads from the side of the housing.

A slide valve 354 reciprocates within the bore 352. This valve projects from the bottom of the bore 352 and has a cam roller 355 secured to its bottom end ,as shown in Fig. 13. The valve is held non-rotatably in the valve casing 343 by a cross pin 356 that is secured by a setscrew 357, accessible upon removal of the roller 355. The pin 356 reciprocates in slots 353 in the housing 348, so that the valve cannot rotate and is limited as to the extremes of its vertical movement.

The upper part of the valve plug 354 has an axial opening 360 extending partially down from the top thereof. From the bottom of the opening 363, an opening 361 leads radially outward to the surface of the plug.

Above the opening 361, there is a peripheral exhaust groove 362 extending around the plug, and, as shown in Fig. 15, capable of registration with the exhaust line 353. The valve housing 343 has a port 363 in it that is shown in Fig. 15 as registering with the exhaust groove 362. However, when the valve piston 354 is elevated, the exhaust groove is withdrawn from the exhaust port 353 and the inlet passage 361 is caused to register with the port 363 and admit air under pressure thereto. The opening 363 leads to the bottom of the cylinder 340.

The inlet air line 351 has a needle valve 368 interposed in it, so that the inlet flow to the cylinder 340 may be regulated during operation of the machine. This will regulate the speed of the upstroke of the piston 343 and attached parts. The valve 354 may have a spring above it to urge it downwardly, though usually the air flow will be adequate under all conditions of adjustment of the valve 368 to insure proper clown travel of the plug.

It will be evident that, when the valve plug 354 is down to the position shown in the drawings, the piston 343 may descend, ejecting the air below it outwardly to the exhaust line. But, when the plug 453 is raised, compressed air passes through the passages 360, 361 and 363 to the cylinder 340 where it is efiective to elevate the piston 343 against the spring 344, this elevation taking place at a speed determined by the setting of the needle valve 368, which controls the rate of deiivery of compressed air to the cylinder 340. Air pressure acts on the top of the valve 354 and constantly urges it downwardly. It is raised by a cam action to be described.

The pluger 345, that is operated by the piston 343, extends upwardly through the conical sleeve 336 of the support casting 330 and provides a valve portion 380. This valve will be described in detail hereafter. At its upper end, the plunger 345 has (for molds shorter than a maximum size) a tubular extension 381 that fits down over a reduced top of the pluger and is held thereon by a pin 382. It is encased in a cylindrical spacing sleeve 383 (likewise used when molds are used), having a depending skirt 384 that is fitted over a long area into an externally threaded collar 385, thereby assuring an air tight but movable fit. This collar 385 is fitted into a 11 threaded opening in the support bracket 330, and may be adjusted vertically therein by rotating it so that the threads move it up or down, as the case may be, relative to the support bracket. To hold the parts in adjusted position, the collar 385 has a milled flange 386 that is engageable by the end of a dog 387 pivoted between two cars 388 on the outer side of the support 330. A coil spring 389, duly confined by a pin and indentations, as appears in Fig. 22, is provided to maintain the end of the dog 387 in engagement with the adjacent notch on the milled rim of the collar 385.

The spacer sleeve 383 has a partial partition across it, which is provided with an annular set of holes 392 that are spaced around a cylindrical bore 393, in which the upper tubular extension 381 of the piston rod 345 operates and obtains a bearing.

The spacer sleeve 383, at its upper end, receives a cap 395 that has a depending skirt 394 with a close sliding fit into the top of the sleeve. The upper inner diameter of the sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the collar 385, so that the sleeve may be omitted. This cap 395 has a plurality of ports 396 arranged in a circle therein. It has a center bore 397 to receive a plunger, and a flanged head 398 projecting from its upper surface. This upper surface is adapted for close fit with the mold sections. The projecting head is designed to interfit closely with complementary openings in the mold halves and neck rings.

The head 398 has a flange 399 that has a sloping crosssection. Its sides descend, as shown. Above the flange, the head has a projection that enters the neck rings to cooperate in the formation of the finish. By this arrangement, when the mold halves close over the head 398, their overhanging parts will engage under the sloping surfaces of the flange 399, and will draw the head up slightly insuring a tight fit of the parts, and, at the same time, securing accurate positioning of the two mold parts, as they both are located around the head 398 and its flange. The skirt of the cap member engages the spacer 383 with such a fit and over such an area as to permit the foregoing without breaking the seal between the cap and spacer.

The cap 395 has a plurality of passages 400 that establish air flow paths around it. These passages are shown (Fig. 25) as eight in number. They are formed as grooves leading from the tops of the passages 396, following the contours of the surface of the cap and its head 398, until they terminate in shallow ends (such as .002" deep) opening adjacent the bottoms of the neck rings at the finish.

The center bore receives a plunger member 401 that is secured to the top of the spacer extension 381 of the piston rod 345. The plunger 401 fits over a projection on the top of the extension 381 that is identical with the projection on the plunger 345, and is held thereto by a second pin 382, as shown. The plunger has a shaping plug 402 on its upper end, and around this plug 402 are a circle of openings 403 formed in a shoulder 404.

It will be understood that the upward movement of the plunger member is limited by abutting engagement of the shoulder 404 with a shoulder 405 on the inside of the cap 395. With the plunger 401 thus seated, the plug 402 fits into the opening in the neck rings with a slight clearance (such as .002") to permit a vacuum to be drawn on the glass charge. The upper part of the plug 402 forms the inside of the finish of the bottle from which the blowback is started. This plunger is adapted to reciprocate between the positions it occupies in Fig. 22 and Fig. 30.

There are two neck rings 408 and 409, one being attached to each of the mold halves 254 and 255. As shown in Figs. 22 and 24, each mold half is provided with a suitable recess into which its corresponding neck ring section may be fitted and may be held by suitable headed screws 410. Preferably, the neck ring halves are slightly loose, so that they may adjust themselves when the mold halves are closed. 4

Each mold section is provided on its bottom with an arcuate groove 415 (Fig. 26), from which a plurality of holes 416 extend upwardly a distance at least sufiicient to bring these holes to the top of the neck rings. These holes are arranged in an arc, the diameter of which is approximately equal to that of the neck ring sections, so that, as shown in Fig. 24, the holes 416 constitute a plurality of vertical grooves at the outer surfaces of the neck ring sections when the latter are in place. It will also be seen that the arcuate grooves register with the tops of the openings 396 in the head 395. The top surface of each neck ring section has a sloping recess 420 therein, as appears in Figs. 28 and 29. This may be considered as a tapered upper surface with teeth-like protuberances 421 around the rim thereof. These teeth-like protuberances are designed to insure an air passage from the vertical passages 416 across the top of the neck ring sections. Reference to Figs. 28 and 29 will show that the conical surface at the center bore of the neck rings terminates at 422, a slight distance below the upper surface of the neck rings themselves. This provides a communication space between the neck ring sections and the adjacent walls of the recesses of the mold sections into which the neck rings are fitted, so that, as shown in Fig. 22, there may be a vacuum drawn onto the parison at the top of the neck rings.

In view of the fact that the vertical passages 416 open into the neck ring recesses and are spaced differently from the spacing of the notches between the teeth 421 on the tops of the neck rings, communication across the sloping upper surfaces 420 of the neck rings is also assured.

The finish portions of the mold are adapted to receive both the application of vacuum and the application of pressure. The air flow to the finish portion of the mold takes place through the interior passages of the composite plunger.

Thus it is evident that the passages 403 in the top of the plunger adjacent the finish pin 402 communicate with the interior of the extension 381 of the plunger, which has an opening 425 therethrough. This opening 425, in turn, registers with a bore 426 that extends downwardly from the top of the piston rod 345, as shown in the drawings. At its bottom, as shown in Fig. 15, the bore 426 has a radial passage 428 that terminates in a peripheral groove 429 extending around the piston rod.

The bracket 330, as shown in Fig. 15, has a boss 430 extending between the conical upstanding sleeve 336 and the outer wall. This boss has a passage 431 therein that is adapted to register with the peripheral groove 429 in the piston rod 345. It is also adapted to be connected to an air line 432.

The line 432, Figs. 11, 12, 15 and 16, extends around to a valve housing 435 that is formed as part of the plate 341 that closes the bottom of the cylinder 340. This valve housing has an axial bore 437 extending therethrough from top to bottom, the top part 438 being enlarged to provide a valve seat 439. A valve member 440 is adapted to rest upon this seat, and is urged thereupon by a coil spring 441 that is confined at its upper end by a threaded plug 442. The valve 440 preferably is of the shape shown in Fig. 16, so as to hold the coil spring in place. Below the valve head, there is a stem 444 that passes down through a narrow part of the bore 437 and projects out the bottom thereof, as shown particularly in Figs. 12 and 16. The stem is preferably grooved to permit exhaust from the line 432 when the valve is closed. This groove terminates just below the housing 435 when the valve is closed, and is itself out otf when the valve is raised to open position.

It will be seen that above the valve 440 there is a connection 445 that is adapted to be connected to an air line, as will appear.

The stem 444, which is normally urged downwardly by the coil spring 441, is adapted to be engaged by one end 4d? of a rocker arm that is pivotally secured .at 44% to a depending panel 4 that projects from the bottom of the cylinder head 3 3 The extension 447 may engage a pin 151 that is located on the projecting panel 450 to limit the downward rocking movement of the rocker arm idd. This arm carries a cam roller 452 that is secured thereto, as by the screw 453.

It will be seen that, when the cam roller 452 is elevated, the rocker arm MS is rocked, with the result that the valve Md is opened and air may pass from the air line 445, past the valve Mil, through the connecting line 432, and thence through the port 431, and, with the plunger down, thence through the peripheral groove 42? and the piston rod 34:7, and finally up through the bore 426 that extends axially upwardly in the composite piston rod. As shown in Fig. 30, this air then discharges upwardly through the ports 403 and into the glass to produce the counterblow.

The vacuum connections for the finish portion of the mold are made from the chamber 335 in the support bracket 33d, and thence through the passages 392 above the chamber 335, the interior of the spacer sleeve 383, through the passages 33% and the holes 416, to the space above the neck rings,and also through the grooves sea, to the bottom of the finish, as previously described.

Also, when the piston is in its upper position, the bore in the piston rod is opened to the chamber 335. As shown particularly in Fig. 22, there are a plurality of radial passages use that extend outwardly from the bore 426 extending downwardly into the piston rod 345. When the piston rod is down, as shown in Fig. 30, these radial passages are sealed against the portion 33b of the casting 339. However, when the piston rod is elevated and approaches its upper position, as shown in Fig. 22, these radial passages establish communication between the piston rod bore and the vacuum chamber 335.

The bracket 3% is rigidly attached at the back of its depending part, below the table 1%, to a hollow valve chamber or housing 465 that is secured by means, such as the screws ass, to the underside of the rotating table 1%. It is also held by screws 466 to the depending portion of the casting 33 3. The bracket 3% has a slight projection around the outlet of the passage 33? that is received in a complementary groove in the valve housing 465. These parts thereby mutually locate each other on the table, and together form, with the other parts previously described, a rigid vacuum connection between the table and the mold.

The housing 465 has an inlet hi7 registering with the passage 337. it has an outlet dos that is in registry with the port Zl l leading from the annular vacuum chamber 1% in die rotating table 1%. Between these two passages 367 and ied, there is a valve partition 4-6? that is adapted to receive the end of a valve member. This valve member is an assembly of valve seat and valve head with an operating means that may be inserted from the bottom of the housing 465. To this end, there is an opening 470 in the partition and immediately below it another opening 471 in the bottom wall of the casting 465. A valve assemly support member 472 has an extension 473 that fits upwardly through the two openings 476) and 471 and may be sealed therein. This assembly support W2 is attached to the housing 465 by screws 474-.

The upstanding portion 473 member 472 provides a valve partition 4'69. Below this valve seat, there is a bore providing a valve outlet chamber 476 that registers with an outlet 477 that opens into the passage 463.

A valve 478 controls the flow around the valve seat 475. This valve member 478 is urged by a spring 479 downwardly into seating position. However, it is mounted upon a valve stem l-till that extends downwardly through the valve assembly member 472 and has a yoke at the bottom to hold a cam wheel 48H. This cam wheel may of the valve assembly seat 475 just above the 14 be elevated by a cam to open the valve. The valve 4'78 is shown open in Fig. 22 and closed in Fig. 30.

Blank mold brlfiies, and cooling air conductors Arrun ed around the rotating table 1% are a plurality of wind or cooling air columns 49'!) (Figs. 9, ll and 36) that interfit with the openings 2% in the top of the rotating table. The columns 499 are hollow and are adapted to receive air under pressure from the air supply spaces within the table. These wind columns are held to the table by suitable screws.

There are a plurality of battles for the tops of the blank or parison molds that are supported upon the table 1%. These include cantilever supporting arms 492 (Figs. 4, ll and 20). Each arm 492 is held by screws to the top of the table 1% adjacent the periphery thereof. As shown in rig. 4, these arms are likewise held by screws to the col urnn dtltl, so that these parts afford mutual aid in their support on the table. The radially inward ends of the arms 5-92 meet outwardly extending discharge passageway walls 493 that extend outwardly from the column. The arms '592 are hollow adjacent their inner ends, so as to provide wind passages 495 (Fig. 36) that communicate with the interior of the columns 4%.

These wind passages 495 open to the tops of the arms 492 and are covered by a wind nozzle arrangement. This latter comprises a lower nozzle 4%, an intermediate ring 497', and an upper nozzle 498 with a cap use over the top of the last. The upper and lower rings are substantially the same, and, by reference to Figs. 36 and 41-44, it will be seen that each of these rings has two nozzles Sil and dill that direct air outwardly at angles. A damper Edit, adjustable in a groove Still in the bottom of the nozzle 497, may be employed for adjusting the amount of air that flows to the nozzles 49b and 498. These nozzles are directed toward the adjacent blank mold sections. For example, the nozzles adjacent the column 498 will tend to cool the mold sections 254a and 2555b.

Each of the arms 492 extends outwardly in an arcuate manner, as shown for example in Fig. 11, and terminates at its outer end in a head 509 having a vertical circular opening Sill receives a somewhat smaller depending sleeve Ell of a cam track member 512, there being a flange 513 that rests upon the top of the arm 492. Below the head $09 of the arm, there is a cylinder 514 that is flanged at 515, and which closely interfits with the sleeve 511 to provide a seal. The head 5'0? of the arms is of generally square shape, as shown in Fig. 11. Four screws 516 pass upwardly through somewhat enlarged holes in the corners of the head 599 and hold the cylinder 514, the head 509, and the upper casting 5512 together. Additionally, setscrews 517 pass through the wall of the head 3% and engage the sleeve dlll. The screws 5'16 may be ened to hold the adjustment.

The cylinder 514 is closed by a cylinder head 518, into which an air line 5519 leads. The cylinder contains a plston 520, having a piston rod 521 that extends upwardly through a bushing in the sleeve 511. It also extends out the top of the casting 5'12, and, at its outer end, supports a battle head supporting arm 523. These arms 523 are shown in greater detail in Figs. 31 and 32. It will be seen that each arm is clamped to its shaft 521 by a clamping block 5'25, a screw 526 and a bolt 527.

The outer end of the arm 52.3 has a head 52S thereon with a vertical threaded opening 529 therethrough. This openmg receives the threaded bafile head rod 539, kerfed at its top. It receives a clamp nut 5'31 that is threaded onto the shaft 53d above the head 528. it also receives a clamping bracket 532 that is held by a screw 533 in a boss 5534 rising from the top of the arm 523. The clamp 532 is in the form of a split collar and may be tightened around the shaft 530 by a screw 535. In use, the ring clamp 532 is always held yieldably tightly on the screw 530. The ring 531 may be loosened, after which the screw may be turned in very small increments by a tool inserted in the kerf, and will hold such adjustment. The collar 531 may then be tightened firmly. This arrangement makes possible such fine adjustments as the accurate alignment of battle plates for oval bottles.

The shaft 530 is designed to support a disc or plate 537 in the manner shown in Fig. 30. This plate has two opposite holes 538 therethrough that are designed to receive pins 539 on a baflle plate 540. The holes are slightly larger than the pins. The baffle plates are shaped to interfit with the tops of the mold sections with a selfsealing, wedging action. A spring 541, as shown in Fig. 33, is adapted to interfit with necks on the two pins 539 to hold the baflie plates onto the support means. The arrangement permits a certain amount of movement of the bafile plate 540 so that they may center themselves and seal properly in the top of the mold sections. It is apparent that this arrangement permits great flexibility for the use of the proper baffle plates for particular molds.

The means for displacing the baffle plates from the position in station a of Fig. l to the position of station b comprises mechanism for raising and lowering and twisting the vertical shaft 521 that supports each of the arms 523 and the corresponding baffie plate. To this end, the casting 512, as shown in Figs. and Zl, has an opening 543 on one side, through which a cam roller and its clamp may be inserted. The cam roller is shown at t 544, and it is adapted to fit in a more or less spiral cam slot 545, having a vertical bottom end, in the casting 512. The cam roller 544 is rotatably mounted on a first clamp member 546, to which a second clamp member 547 is held by screws and both are held by a lock screw, as shown in Fig. 21, to the shaft 521.

It may be seen that, when the piston 520 is caused to move downwardly, the bafile head will be lowered, and the cam roller 544, operating in the cam slot 545, will also cause the shaft 521 to twist, moving the baflle head laterally to the top of the mold. The final seating movement is wholly vertical, as the bottom of the cam slot 545 is vertical. When the piston 520 moves upwardly, the shaft 521 will elevate and twist. As is evident, this vertical and rotary movement is imparted to the baffie plates 540, so that they can move in the manner shown in Fig. 9, and which will be described in more detail hereafter.

The operation of the piston 520 is determined by a valve shown in Figs. 11 and 18. This valve includes a valve housing 554 with a horizontal supporting plate 551 extending therefrom and held by screws to the bottom of the rotating table 190. This valve housing 550 has a vertical bore extending through it. This bore is closed at the top by a cap 552 that is bolted to the housing. This cap receives an air inlet line 553. The housing 550 likewise has two radial air ports into which the air lines 555 and 556, respectively, are connected. These air lines 555 and 556 are connected into the bottom and top, respectively, of the cylinder 514-. Additionally, the valve housing has exhaust ports 557 and 558 that discharge into atmosphere or any suitable exhaust lines.

The air flow through the valve 550 is controlled by a slide valve 56d that has a central bore 561 extending downwardly from the top thereof. At the bottom of this bore, there is a radial opening 562, and about the middle of the bore is another radial opening 563. Below the radial bore 562, there is a peripheral groove 564, and above the radial passage 563 there is another peripheral groove 565.

The valve sleeve 560 projects downwardly through the bottom of the housing 551 and is provided with a cam roller 566 at its bottom end. It is prevented from rotation by means of a roller 567 (Figs. 18 and 19) that is rotatably supported on the sleeve 560 and is engageable I their ends.

in a slot 568 in the housing 550. This roller and slot serve to limit the vertical movement of the valve.

It will be seen that, when the sleeve 560 is in its lowermost position, as shown in Fig. 18, the line 555 is connected to exhaust through the peripheral groove 565 and the exhaust line 557. At this time, the air supply from the intake into the cap 552 passes through the vertical bore 561 and out the radial passage 562 into the line 556.

It is also evident that, when the cam roller 5 66 lifts the sleeve, these conditions will be reversed, the line 555 being connected to the air source, the line 556 being connected to the exhaust 558.

Blank mold cam tracks The feeding station for the present machine is located at the nine-oclock position in the drawings. Here, the gob is fed into the closed blank mold, the vacuum comes on and the plunger goes up. The blank mold is, of course, securely closed at this point.

The vacuum is under control of the valve 478 (Fig. 22), which, in turn, is controlled by the cam roller 481. The operation of the plunger is controlled by the valve 348, which is regulated by the cam roller 355. A short time thereafter the battle must close in preparation for the blowback or counterblow. This batlle operation is controlled by the valve 55d, which is, in turn, regulated by the cam roller 566. Finally, the counterblow is under control of the valve 446, which, in turn, is operated by the cam roller 452. The cam rollers 355, 481 and 566 are operated by a set of cam tracks shown in plan view in Fig. 5. These tracks are supported on a track base plate 575 that is held by screws onto the base of the machine.

The inner one of the tracks is for operating the vacuum valve 478 and consists of a main rail 576 that is generally arcuate in shape and that extends from somewhat ahead of the nine-oclock position in the plan drawings to beyond the nine-oclock position.

There are a pair of supplementary rails 5'79 and 580 that are disposed adjacent the ends of the main rail 576, whereby the length of this main rail may be changed in either direction. Means are provided for shifting the rails 579 and 580, each independently of the other, longitudinally of the main rail 576. These means are described in detail in applicants previously mentioned parent application. Referring particularly to the supplemental rail 580, this adjusting means includes a thumb nut 592 accessible from the side of the machine which, when rotated, is effective to shift the supplemental rail 580 longitudinally. In like manner, the other rail 579 may be regulated by a thumb nut 598. Thus, turning the thumb nut 598 adjusts the start of the vacuum pulldown, and turning the thumb nut 59?. adjusts the ending thereof.

The plunger-controlling cam roller 355 is operated by the outer track, which consists of a main rail 663 also secured to the main cam track plate 575. Supplemental rails 605 and 666, at the counterclockwise (starting) and clockwise (ending) ends of the main rail 603, are longitudinally adjustably secured to the main rail 603. Adjustment means, similar to the previously mentioned adjusting means, are provided for the supplemental rail 605 and include a thumb nut 610. In like manner, the supplemental rail 606 is adjusted by rotation of a thumb nut 613.

It will be evident that these various movable tracks may be held sufficiently tightly to prevent accidental displacement of the rails, but loosely enough to permit them to be longitudinally adjusted by the various nuts.

A cam track 615, that operates the baffle plate, is composed of a plurality of main rail strips with supplemental end rails, as shown in 5. The main rails, reading clockwise, are designated 616, 617, 618, they being bolted, welded, or otherwise secured together at These several strips are mounted on plates 

